Fibonacci and Identity functions

src/StandardLibrary/Functions/NumberTheory/Fibonacci.cs

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+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Text;
+
+namespace CSMic.StandardLibrary.Functions.NumberTheory
+{
+    /// <summary> </summary>
+    public class Fibonacci : FunctionBase, ICodedFunction
+    {
+
+        /// <summary> A pre-computed array of the first 140 numbers of the fibonacci sequence. </summary>
+        private static decimal[] fibonacciSequence =
+            [0m, 1m, 1m, 2m, 3m, 5m, 8m, 13m, 21m, 34m, 55m, 89m, 144m, 233m, 377m, 610m, 
+            987m, 1597m, 2584m, 4181m, 6765m, 10946m, 17711m, 28657m, 46368m, 75025m, 121393m, 
+            196418m, 317811m, 514229m, 832040m, 1346269m, 2178309m, 3524578m, 5702887m, 9227465m, 
+            14930352m, 24157817m, 39088169m, 63245986m, 102334155m, 165580141m, 267914296m, 
+            433494437m, 701408733m, 1134903170m, 1836311903m, 2971215073m, 4807526976m, 7778742049m, 
+            12586269025m, 20365011074m, 32951280099m, 53316291173m, 86267571272m, 139583862445m, 
+            225851433717m, 365435296162m, 591286729879m, 956722026041m, 1548008755920m, 2504730781961m, 
+            4052739537881m, 6557470319842m, 10610209857723m, 17167680177565m, 27777890035288m, 
+            44945570212853m, 72723460248141m, 117669030460994m, 190392490709135m, 308061521170129m, 
+            498454011879264m, 806515533049393m, 1304969544928657m, 2111485077978050m, 3416454622906707m, 
+            5527939700884757m, 8944394323791464m, 14472334024676221m, 23416728348467685m, 37889062373143906m, 
+            61305790721611591m, 99194853094755497m, 160500643816367088m, 259695496911122585m, 
+            420196140727489673m, 679891637638612258m, 1100087778366101931m, 1779979416004714189m, 
+            2880067194370816120m, 4660046610375530309m, 7540113804746346429m, 12200160415121876738m, 
+            19740274219868223167m, 31940434634990099905m, 51680708854858323072m, 83621143489848422977m, 
+            135301852344706746049m, 218922995834555169026m, 354224848179261915075m, 573147844013817084101m, 
+            927372692193078999176m, 1500520536206896083277m, 2427893228399975082453m, 3928413764606871165730m, 
+            6356306993006846248183m, 10284720757613717413913m, 16641027750620563662096m, 
+            26925748508234281076009m, 43566776258854844738105m, 70492524767089125814114m, 
+            114059301025943970552219m, 184551825793033096366333m, 298611126818977066918552m, 
+            483162952612010163284885m, 781774079430987230203437m, 1264937032042997393488322m, 
+            2046711111473984623691759m, 3311648143516982017180081m, 5358359254990966640871840m, 
+            8670007398507948658051921m, 14028366653498915298923761m, 22698374052006863956975682m, 
+            36726740705505779255899443m, 59425114757512643212875125m, 96151855463018422468774568m, 
+            155576970220531065681649693m, 251728825683549488150424261m, 407305795904080553832073954m, 
+            659034621587630041982498215m, 1066340417491710595814572169m, 1725375039079340637797070384m, 
+            2791715456571051233611642553m, 4517090495650391871408712937m, 7308805952221443105020355490m, 
+            11825896447871834976429068427m, 19134702400093278081449423917m, 30960598847965113057878492344m, 
+            50095301248058391139327916261m];
+
+        public string Name
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return "fib";
+            }
+        }
+
+        public override IEnumerable<FunctionArgument> ExpectedArguments
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                yield return new FunctionArgument("index", FunctionValue.NUMBER);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public FunctionValue Execute(params FunctionArgument[] args)
+        {
+            return base.Execute(args, (_args) =>
+            {
+                var input = _args[0].Value;
+
+                int index = Convert.ToInt32(input);
+
+                if(index <= 0 || index > 140)
+                {
+                    return FunctionValue.ZERO;
+                }
+
+                return new FunctionValue(FunctionValueType.Numeric, fibonacciSequence[index]);
+            });
+        }
+    }
+}

src/StandardLibrary/Functions/NumberTheory/Identity.cs

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+using System;
+using System.Collections.Concurrent;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Text;
+
+namespace CSMic.StandardLibrary.Functions.NumberTheory
+{
+    public class IsEven : FunctionBase, ICodedFunction
+    {
+        public string Name
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return "iseven";
+            }
+        }
+
+        public override IEnumerable<FunctionArgument> ExpectedArguments
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                yield return new FunctionArgument("value", FunctionValue.NUMBER);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public FunctionValue Execute(params FunctionArgument[] args)
+        {
+            return base.Execute(args, (_args) =>
+            {
+                var input = _args[0].Value;
+
+                decimal value = Convert.ToDecimal(input);
+
+                return new FunctionValue(FunctionValueType.Numeric, IsEven.CalculateIsEven(value) ? 1m : 0m);
+            });
+        }
+
+        internal static bool CalculateIsEven(decimal value)
+        {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public class IsOdd : FunctionBase, ICodedFunction
+    {
+        public string Name
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return "isodd";
+            }
+        }
+
+        public override IEnumerable<FunctionArgument> ExpectedArguments
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                yield return new FunctionArgument("value", FunctionValue.NUMBER);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public FunctionValue Execute(params FunctionArgument[] args)
+        {
+            return base.Execute(args, (_args) =>
+            {
+                var input = _args[0].Value;
+
+                decimal value = Convert.ToDecimal(input);
+
+                return new FunctionValue(FunctionValueType.Numeric, IsEven.CalculateIsEven(value) ? 0m : 1m);
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    public class IsInt : FunctionBase, ICodedFunction
+    {
+        public string Name
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return "isint";
+            }
+        }
+
+        public override IEnumerable<FunctionArgument> ExpectedArguments
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                yield return new FunctionArgument("value", FunctionValue.NUMBER);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public FunctionValue Execute(params FunctionArgument[] args)
+        {
+            return base.Execute(args, (_args) =>
+            {
+                var input = _args[0].Value;
+
+                decimal value = Convert.ToDecimal(input);
+
+                return new FunctionValue(FunctionValueType.Numeric, CalculateIsInt(value) ? 1m : 0m);
+            });
+        }
+
+        internal static bool CalculateIsInt(decimal value)
+        {
+            return value == decimal.Truncate(value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public class IsPrime : FunctionBase, ICodedFunction
+    {
+        private const int MaxPrimeCacheSize = 4096;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        ///  (Immutable) The prime cache lock. Concurrency needs to be enforced here because caching is
+        ///  transparent to library consumers and race conditions could be invisible at run-time.
+        /// </summary>
+        private static readonly object PrimeCacheLock = new object();
+        private static readonly Dictionary<decimal, bool> PrimeCache =
+            new Dictionary<decimal, bool>();
+
+        private static readonly Queue<decimal> PrimeCacheOrder =
+            new Queue<decimal>();
+
+        private static readonly bool[] knownPrime = [
+    false, false, true, true, false, true, false, true, false, false,
+    false, true, false, true, false, false, false, true, false, true,
+    false, false, false, true, false, false, false, false, false, true,
+    false, true, false, false, false, false, false, true, false, false,
+    false, true, false, true, false, false, false, true, false, false,
+    false, false, false, true, false, false, false, false, false, true,
+    false, true, false, false, false, false, false, true, false, false,
+    false, true, false, true, false, false, false, false, false, true,
+    false, false, false, true, false, false, false, false, false, true,
+    false, false, false, false, false, false, false, true, false, false];
+
+        public string Name
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return "isprime";
+            }
+        }
+
+        public override IEnumerable<FunctionArgument> ExpectedArguments
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                yield return new FunctionArgument("value", FunctionValue.NUMBER);
+            }
+        }
+
+        public FunctionValue Execute(params FunctionArgument[] args)
+        {
+            return base.Execute(args, (_args) =>
+            {
+                var input = _args[0].Value;
+
+                decimal value = Convert.ToDecimal(input);
+
+                return new FunctionValue(FunctionValueType.Numeric, CalculateIsPrime(value) ? 1m : 0m);
+            });
+        }
+
+        internal static bool CalculateIsPrime(decimal value)
+        {
+            if (!IsInt.CalculateIsInt(value) || value < 2m)
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            if (value < knownPrime.Length)
+            {
+                return knownPrime[(int)value];
+            }
+
+            if (TryGetCachedPrime(value, out bool cached))
+            {
+                return cached;
+            }
+
+            if (value % 2m == 0m)
+            {
+                AddPrimeCache(value, false);
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            for (decimal i = 3; i * i <= value; i += 2m)
+            {
+                if (value % i == 0m)
+                {
+                    AddPrimeCache(value, false);
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+
+            AddPrimeCache(value, true);
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        private static bool TryGetCachedPrime(decimal value, out bool result)
+        {
+            lock (PrimeCacheLock)
+            {
+                return PrimeCache.TryGetValue(value, out result);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void AddPrimeCache(decimal value, bool result)
+        {
+            lock (PrimeCacheLock)
+            {
+                if (PrimeCache.ContainsKey(value))
+                    return;
+
+                while (PrimeCache.Count >= MaxPrimeCacheSize)
+                {
+                    decimal oldest = PrimeCacheOrder.Dequeue();
+                    PrimeCache.Remove(oldest);
+                }
+
+                PrimeCache[value] = result;
+                PrimeCacheOrder.Enqueue(value);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}